Lysine Proline Valine 10mg

KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide (amino acids 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). Despite being the smallest anti-inflammatory fragment of alpha-MSH, KPV retains potent anti-inflammatory activity through a unique mechanism that does not require melanocortin receptor binding. This distinguishes it from full-length alpha-MSH and melanotan peptides, which act through MC1R-MC5R receptors. KPV enters cells and directly inhibits NF-kB activation by preventing the phosphorylation of IkB-alpha and the subsequent nuclear translocation of the NF-kB p65 subunit. By blocking this master inflammatory transcription factor, KPV suppresses the production of a broad array of pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and nitric oxide. Brzoska et al. demonstrated this intracellular mechanism is independent of cell-surface melanocortin receptor engagement. KPV also exhibits direct antimicrobial activity against several pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In gastrointestinal research, Kannengiesser et al. showed KPV reduces colonic inflammation in murine colitis models, protecting mucosal integrity and reducing tissue damage. This dual anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial profile makes KPV relevant to IBD research and wound healing applications where infection and inflammation coexist.

KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide (amino acids 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). Despite being the smallest anti-inflammatory fragment of alpha-MSH, KPV retains potent anti-inflammatory activity through a unique mechanism that does not require melanocortin receptor binding. This distinguishes it from full-length alpha-MSH and melanotan peptides, which act through MC1R-MC5R receptors. KPV enters cells and directly inhibits NF-kB activation by preventing the phosphorylation of IkB-alpha and the subsequent nuclear translocation of the NF-kB p65 subunit. By blocking this master inflammatory transcription factor, KPV suppresses the production of a broad array of pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and nitric oxide. Brzoska et al. demonstrated this intracellular mechanism is independent of cell-surface melanocortin receptor engagement. KPV also exhibits direct antimicrobial activity against several pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In gastrointestinal research, Kannengiesser et al. showed KPV reduces colonic inflammation in murine colitis models, protecting mucosal integrity and reducing tissue damage. This dual anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial profile makes KPV relevant to IBD research and wound healing applications where infection and inflammation coexist.

In vitro anti-inflammatory studies use 10-100 micromolar. Colitis studies in mice used 0.5-2 mg/kg. Antimicrobial activity observed at 50-200 micromolar.

Store lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder at -20°C to 4°C in a dry environment protected from light. Unreconstituted peptide is stable for extended periods when stored properly.

Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water or an appropriate solvent, store at 2-8°C and use within the timeframe specified on the Certificate of Analysis. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

A Certificate of Analysis documenting purity, identity, and recommended storage conditions is included with every order.